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The Brazilian version of the Childhood Health Assessment Questionnaire (CHAQ) and the Child Health Questionnaire (CHQ)

C.S.M. Machado¹, N. Ruperto², C.H.M. Silva³, V.P.L. Ferriani⁴, I. Roscoe³, L.M.A. Campos⁵, S.K.F. Oliveira⁶, M.H.B. Kiss⁵, B.E.R.G. Bica⁶, F. Sztajnbok⁶, C.A. Len⁷, J.A. Melo-Gomes⁸, for the Paediatric Rheumatology International Trials Organisation (PRINTO)

¹Universidade Estadual Paulista - Botucatu, Brazil; ²Laboratorio di Informatica Medica, IRCCS S. Matteo, Pavia, Italy; ³Universidade Federal de Uberlándia - Minas Gerais, Brazil; ⁴Universidade de São Paulo - Ribeirão Preto, Brazil; ⁵Hospital das Clinicas - Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil; ⁶Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; ⁷Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Brazil; ⁸Instituto Português de Reumatologia, Lisbon, Portugal.

ABSTRACT
We report the cross-cultural adaptation and validation into Brazilian-Portuguese of the parentÕs version of two health related quality of life instruments. The Childhood Health Assessment Questionnaire (CHAQ) is a disease specific health instrument that measures functional ability in daily living activities in children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). The Child Health Questionnaire (CHQ) is a generic health instrument designed to capture the physical and psychosocial well-being of children regardless the underlying disease. The Brazilian CHAQ was revalidated, while the CHQ has been derived from the Portuguese version. A total of 471 subjects were enrolled: 157 patients with JIA (27% systemic onset, 38% polyarticular onset, 9% extended oligoarticular subtype, and 26% persistent oligoarticular subtype) and 314 healthy children. The CHAQ discriminated clinically healthy subjects from JIA patients, with the systemic, polyarticular and extended oligoarticular subtypes having a higher degree of disability, pain, and lower overall well-being scores when compared to their healthy peers. Also the CHQ discriminated clinically healthy subjects from JIA patients, with the systemic onset, polyarticular onset and extended oligoarticular subtypes having a lower physical and psychosocial well-being score when compared to their healthy peers. In conclusion the Brazilian versions of the CHAQ-CHQ are reliable and valid tools for the combined physical and psychosocial assessment of children with JIA.

Key words
Brazilian Childhood Health Assessment Questionnaire (CHAQ), Brazilian Child Health Questionnaire (CHQ), cross cultural adaptation and psychometric evaluation, health related quality of life, juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA), healthy children.

Supported by a grant from the European Union (BMH4-983531 CA), and by IRCCS Policlinico S. Matteo (Pavia, Italy).

Please address correspondence and requests for reprints to either: Claudia Machado, MD; Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu, UNESP; Departamento de Pediatria, 18618-970 Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
E-mail: cmachado@fmb.unesp.br
or PRINTO, IRCCS Policlinico S. Matteo, Pediatria Generale e Reumatologia, Piazzale Golgi, 2, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
E-mail: nruperto@smatteo.pv.it
WWW: http://www.medit.it/printo/