ab2005

Thalidomide: focus on its employment in rheumatologic diseases

A. Ossandon, E.A.M. Cassará, R. Priori, G. Valesini

Dipartimento di Terapia Medica, Cattedra di Reumatologia, Universitá degli Studi di Roma "La Sapienza", Rome, Italy.

ABSTRACT
Thalidomide is an immunomodulatory agent; although its mechanisms of action are not fully understood, many authors have described its anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive properties. More interestingly, thalidomide has shown the ability to suppress tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFa) production and to modify the expression of TNFa induced adhesion molecules on endothelial cells and on human leukocytes.
Thalidomide has been used in several diseases (i.e. dermatological, autoimmune, gastrointestinal). In this review we focus specifically on the use of this drug in disorders with rheumatological features such as lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis and Still's disease, ankylosing spondylitis, and Behçet's disease.
Despite its well known side effects, first of all peripheral nerve involvement and teratogenesis, which can be avoided by following strict guidelines, thalidomide could represent an alternative drug in some rheumatological conditions, particularly in patients who show resistance, contraindication or toxicity with other conventional treatments.

Key words
Thalidomide, systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, Behçet's disease, auto-immune disorders.

Please address correspondence and reprint requests to: Prof. Guido Valesini, Dipartimento di Terapia Medica, Cattedra di Reumatologia, Universitá degli Studi di Roma "La Sapienza", Policlinico Umberto I, 00161 Rome, Italy.
E-mail: guido.valesini@uniroma1.it