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Serum calprotectin is a biomarker of carotid atherosclerosis in patients with primary Sjögren’s syndrome

1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15

 

  1. The Center of Health Science, Federal University of Espírito Santo (UFES), Brazil.
  2. Department of Statistics, Federal University of Espírito Santo (UFES), Brazil.
  3. Department of Locomotor System, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Brazil.
  4. Department of Locomotor System, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Brazil.
  5. The Center of Health Science, Federal University of Espírito Santo (UFES), Brazil.
  6. The Center of Health Science, Federal University of Espírito Santo (UFES), Brazil.
  7. The Center of Health Science, Federal University of Espírito Santo (UFES), Brazil.
  8. Department of Locomotor System, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Brazil.
  9. Broegelmann Research Laboratory, University of Bergen, Norway.
  10. Broegelmann Research Laboratory; and Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Norway.
  11. Broegelmann Research Laboratory; and Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Norway.
  12. Bröegelmann Research Laboratory, University of Bergen, Norway.
  13. Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Norway.
  14. Broegelmann Research Laboratory; and Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Norway.
  15. The Center of Health Science, Federal University of Espírito Santo (UFES), Brazil; and Broegelmann Research Laboratory, University of Bergen, Norway. val.valim@gmail.com

CER9169
2016 Vol.34, N°6
PI 1006, PF 1012
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PMID: 27749218 [PubMed]

Received: 05/12/2015
Accepted : 04/04/2016
In Press: 08/09/2016
Published: 28/11/2016

Abstract

OBJECTIVES:
We aimed to identify the association of carotid atherosclerosis with the traditional risk factors, disease features, cytokine profile, and calprotectin in patients with primary Sjögren’s syndrome (pSS).
METHODS:
63 primary pSS patients and 63 age- and sex-matched healthy controls underwent carotid ultrasound, clinical and laboratory examination. The presence of carotid plaques was taken as carotid atherosclerosis. The covariates of carotid atherosclerosis were identified in univariate and multivariate regressions.
RESULTS:
Patients with pSS had higher prevalence of carotid atherosclerosis (13% vs. 2%, p<0.05) and higher serum levels of calprotectin, tumour necrosis factor receptor 2 (TNF-R2), hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) than controls. Sex, menopause, and the prevalence of traditional cardiovascular did not differ between groups (all p>0.05). In univariate analyses, serum calprotectin, most traditional cardiovascular (age, male sex, metabolic syndrome, hypertension, hypertriglyceridaemia, and serum creatinine), and some disease-associated risk factors (glucocorticoid or saliva substitute use, constitutional domain of Eular-Sjögren’s syndrome disease activity index - EULAR) were associated with a higher risk for plaque. In a multivariate analysis, having pSS and higher serum calprotectin were associated with carotid atherosclerosis independent of traditional risk factors.
CONCLUSIONS:
pSS have a higher prevalence of carotid atherosclerosis, which is associated with higher serum calprotectin level independent of traditional cardiovascular risk factors. Our findings suggest calprotectin as a biomarker of subclinical atherosclerosis in pSS.

Rheumatology Article