Full Papers
Phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors, but not calcium channel blockers, improve peripheral vascular function in systemic sclerosis
D.R. Machin1, J. Tucker2, S. Bloom3, D.W. Wray4, A.J. Donato5, T.M. Frech6
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT; Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Vascular Physiology Group, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM; and VA Salt Lake City, Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT; and The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, USA.
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT; VA Salt Lake City, Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, Salt Lake City, UT; and Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT; VA Salt Lake City, Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, Salt Lake City, UT; Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT; Department of Biochemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT; and Nora Eccles Harrison Cardiovascular Research and Training Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
- VA Salt Lake City, Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, Salt Lake City, UT; and Department of Internal Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA. tracy.frech@vumc.org
CER19665
Full Papers
PMID: 42446703 [PubMed]
Received: 06/01/2026
Accepted : 17/02/2026
In Press: 09/07/2026
Abstract
OBJECTIVES:
Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a rare autoimmune disease associated with vasculopathy. Raynaud’s phenomenon is a common symptom of SSc, and treatment guidelines support calcium channel blocker (CCB) and phosphodiesterase inhibitor-5 (PDE5i) as first- and second-line therapy, respectively. However, the impact of these drug classes on peripheral vascular function or haemodynamic outcomes in SSc is unknown.
METHODS:
Flow-mediated dilation (FMD) was measured in patients with SSc (n=119) that were allocated into groups based on cardiovascular-acting medications usage within the previous 24 hours.
RESULTS:
Clinical cardiovascular outcomes were unaffected by acute cardiovascular-acting medications, with the exception of PDE5i that resulted in lower diastolic blood pressure (CV Meds+PDE5i: 66±11 vs. No CV Meds: 74±8; CV Meds: 72±8; CV Meds+CCB: 73±7 mmHg, p<0.05). Patients on CCB had similar FMD to patients with and without cardiovascularacting medication usage (No CV Meds: 7.6±4.0; CV Meds: 6.2±3.4: CV Meds+CCB: 5.8±3.1%, p>0.05), while FMD in patients on PDE5i (CV Meds+PDE5i: 8.9±4.4%) was greater than patients with cardiovascular-acting medication usage regardless of the presence or absence of CCB usage (p<0.05). A subset of patients (n=17) completed multiple testing visits with and without CCB usage in the previous 24 hours, CCB usage did not affect FMD (No CCB: 6.7±3.4 vs. CCB: 7.7±6.6, p>0.05).
CONCLUSIONS:
Acute CCB usage does not affect peripheral vascular function or haemodynamic outcomes in patients with SSc, whereas acute PDE5i usage results in lower diastolic blood pressure and greater FMD. These findings suggest that PDE5i improves vascular function in SSc, while CCB usage does not.
