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The epidemiology of Behçet’s disease in Brazil: a study in Goiânia and its metropolitan area

1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15

 

  1. Rheumatology Division, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Brazil.
  2. Rheumatology Division, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Brazil.
  3. Rheumatology Unit, Internal Medicine Department, Hospital das Clínicas/Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil.
  4. Private Medical Office, Goiânia, Brazil.
  5. Private Medical Office, Goiânia, Brazil.
  6. Private Medical Office, Goiânia, Brazil.
  7. Rheumatology Division, Hospital Estadual Geral de Goiânia Dr. Alberto Rassi, Goiânia, Brazil.
  8. Rheumatology Unit, Internal Medicine Department, Hospital das Clínicas/Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil.
  9. Private Medical Office, Goiânia, Brazil.
  10. Private Medical Office, Goiânia, Brazil.
  11. Rheumatology Unit, Internal Medicine Department, Hospital das Clínicas/Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil.
  12. Rheumatology Unit, Internal Medicine Department, Hospital das Clínicas/Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil.
  13. Private Medical Office, Goiânia, Brazil.
  14. Rheumatology Unit, Internal Medicine Department, Hospital das Clínicas/Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil.
  15. Rheumatology Division, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Brazil. alexandre_wagner@uol.com.br

CER19707
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PMID: 42446700 [PubMed]

Received: 19/01/2026
Accepted : 27/03/2026
In Press: 09/07/2026

Abstract

OBJECTIVES:
The goal of this study is to evaluate the epidemiology of Behçet’s disease (BD) in the city of Goiania and its metropolitan area.
METHODS:
This epidemiological study had a cross-sectional design. Patients who had a diagnosis of BD living in the metropolitan area of Goiânia and with at least one medical appointment in 2022 were included. All rheumatologists working in public and private practice were invited to participate.
RESULTS:
A total of 73 BD patients were included. The mean age at symptom onset was 32.1±12.8 years and the median age at diagnosis was 33.0 years [interquartile range (IQR): 26.0-45.0]. The median time between symptom onset and BD diagnosis was 3.0 years (IQR: 2.0-9.0). Only three (4.1%) patients were diagnosed before the age of 18. The female-tomale ratio was 3.3:1.0, and most patients came from private practices (64.4%). The racial/ethnic composition was reported as follows: White (57.5%), Mestizo (35.9%), Black (4.1%) and Indigenous (2.7%). In 2022, the prevalence of BD was 4.52 cases/100,000 in Goiânia and 3.27 cases/100,000 in the greater Goiânia area. Over the past 10 years, the estimated incidence of BD has ranged from 0.14 to 0.45 cases/100,000/year in Goiânia, and from 0.14 to 0.38 cases/100,000/year in the greater Goiânia area.
CONCLUSIONS:
The prevalence of BD in Goiânia and in its metropolitan area is higher than that previously reported in Brazil. At diagnosis, BD patients were predominantly adults and the disease mostly affected females, as well as Whites and Mestizos.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.55563/clinexprheumatol/cd93ol

Rheumatology Article