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Epidemiologic patterns of disease expression in sarcoidosis: age, gender and ethnicity-related differences

1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14

 

  1. Laboratory of Systemic Autoimmune Diseases “Josep Font”, CELLEX, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Department of Systemic Autoimmune Diseases, ICMID, Hospital Clinic, Barcelona, Spain.
  2. Department of Pneumology, ICT, Hospital Clinic, Barcelona, Spain.
  3. Quick Diagnosis Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, ICMID, Hospital Clinic, Barcelona, Spain.
  4. Department of Pneumology, ICT, Hospital Clinic, Barcelona, Spain.
  5. Research Group in Primary Care, IDIBAPS, ABS Les Corts, CAPSE, Barcelona, Spain.
  6. Research Group in Primary Care, IDIBAPS, ABS Les Corts, CAPSE, Barcelona, Spain.
  7. Laboratory of Systemic Autoimmune Diseases “Josep Font”, CELLEX, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Department of Systemic Autoimmune Diseases, ICMID, Hospital Clinic, Barcelona, Spain.
  8. Direcció de Sistemes de la Informació, Hospital Clinic, Barcelona, Spain.
  9. Department of Thoracic Surgery, Hospital Clinic, Barcelona, Spain.
  10. Department of Radiology, Hospital Clinic, Barcelona, Spain.
  11. Department of Pathology, Hospital Clinic, Barcelona, Spain.
  12. Department of Pneumology, ICT, Hospital Clinic, Barcelona, Spain.
  13. Department of Pneumology, ICT, Hospital Clinic, Barcelona, Spain.
  14. Laboratory of Systemic Autoimmune Diseases “Josep Font”, CELLEX, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Department of Systemic Autoimmune Diseases, ICMID, Hospital Clinic, Barcelona, Spain. mramos@clinic.ub.es

CER8672
2016 Vol.34, N°3
PI 0380, PF 0388
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PMID: 27050339 [PubMed]

Received: 07/06/2015
Accepted : 04/09/2015
In Press: 06/04/2016
Published: 30/05/2016

Abstract

OBJECTIVES:
To evaluate the influence of age, gender and ethnicity in the clinical presentation of sarcoidosis in a cohort of Spanish patients.
METHODS:
We analysed 175 consecutive patients diagnosed with sarcoidosis between 1990 and 2014 in the Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Spain. Sarcoidosis was diagnosed according to the 1999 WASOG criteria. Organ involvement was defined using the 2014 WASOG organ assessment instrument.
RESULTS:
There were 110 women and 65 men, with a mean age at diagnosis of 47.31 ± 15.46 years (range, 16-92); 23% of patients were born outside Spain. Women had a higher mean age (p=0.027), a higher frequency of cutaneous (OR=2.28) and musculoskeletal (OR=2.73) symptoms at diagnosis, and a lower frequency of cumulated WASOG involvements including renal involvement (OR=0.17), hypercalcaemia (OR=0.20) and raised ACE levels (OR=0.30). Patients aged ≥65 years had a lower frequency of cutaneous (OR=0.23) and musculoskeletal (OR=0.13) symptomatology at diagnosis and a higher frequency of cumulated WASOG involvements including renal involvement (OR=18.70) and calcium/vitamin D abnormalities (OR=5.31). According to ethnicity, non-Spanish-born patients had a lower mean age (40 vs. 49 years, p=0.001), a higher predominance of females (68% vs. 54%, p=0.036) and a higher frequency of radiographic stages I/II at diagnosis (97% vs. 78%, p=0.041) in comparison with Spanish-born patients.
CONCLUSIONS:
Using the new 2014 WASOG organ assessment instrument, we found that epidemiological features (age at diagnosis, gender and ethnicity) play a significant role in the presentation of sarcoidosis. Variations in these epidemiological features may aid early diagnostic suspicion, the search for histopathological confirmation and the prompt introduction of the appropriate therapy.

Rheumatology Article