Reviews
Impact of gender and age at onset on Sjögren’s syndrome presentation and outcome: state of the art
G. Fulvio1, G. La Rocca2, L.G. Chatzis3, F. Ferro4, I..C. Navarro Garcia5, G. Cafaro6, A.V. Goules7, E. Bartoloni8, C. Baldini9
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Italy.
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Italy.
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece.
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Italy.
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Italy.
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Italy.
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece.
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Italy.
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Italy. chiara.baldini74@gmail.com
CER17340
2023 Vol.41, N°12
PI 2547, PF 2554
Reviews
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PMID: 38149517 [PubMed]
Received: 29/11/2023
Accepted : 06/12/2023
In Press: 23/12/2023
Published: 23/12/2023
Abstract
Sjögren’s syndrome (SS) is a complex and heterogeneous disease that typically affects middle-aged women. However, while it is rare, the disease may occur in male patients and in females during their childhood/adolescence or in the elderly. Contrasting data have been reported on these three subgroups clinical features and long-term outcomes. Notably, recent studies have pinpointed the severity of the disease in male patients and in both the early and the late-onset subgroups. The aim of this review is, therefore, to summarise the available evidence from the recent literature on these phenotypes. The focus will be on the clinical and laboratory features, and on the lymphoma risk observed in the three subgroups distinct phenotypes: of male patients as well as young-onset SS and elderly-onset SS. Ultimately, an accurate phenotypic stratification may represent the first step towards individualised medical approaches.
